2025年(nian)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)公共(gong)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)師考選擇題，有單選、多選，考查銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)學(xue)知識(shi)掌握與應(ying)用能(neng)力。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)考試內(nei)容涵蓋：銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)醫學(xue)基礎，含銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)人體(ti)結構、消化吸收等(deng)；銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)學(xue)基礎，講銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)素功能(neng)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)食(shi)物營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)；銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)人群(qun)(qun)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)，關注(zhu)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)特殊(shu)人群(qun)(qun)需求；銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)食(shi)品(pin)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)評價，涉及銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)食(shi)品(pin)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)等(deng)；還有銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)調查、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)保健(jian)食(shi)品(pin)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)技能(neng)實(shi)操(cao)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)咨詢教育，知識(shi)全面且重銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)實(shi)踐。下(xia)面，安徽(hui)樂大(da)教育網老師來給(gei)大(da)家介紹(shao)一(yi)下(xia)。
一、銅陵(ling)公共(gong)營養師考(kao)試題型
2025年銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)公(gong)共營養師考(kao)試(shi)在(zai)題(ti)(ti)型方面(mian)依舊延續以(yi)往風格，選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)題(ti)(ti)作為(wei)主要考(kao)查形式(shi)，其中涵蓋單項(xiang)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)題(ti)(ti)以(yi)及多項(xiang)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)題(ti)(ti)。選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)題(ti)(ti)這一形式(shi)著重(zhong)于(yu)考(kao)察銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)考(kao)生(sheng)對銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)營養學基礎知(zhi)識(shi)的(de)(de)掌握，以(yi)及在(zai)銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)實(shi)際工作場景中運用(yong)這些知(zhi)識(shi)解決問題(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)能(neng)力(li)。單項(xiang)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)題(ti)(ti)要求銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)考(kao)生(sheng)從(cong)若干選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)項(xiang)中精準挑選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)出(chu)唯一正(zheng)確的(de)(de)答案，而(er)多項(xiang)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)題(ti)(ti)則需(xu)要銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)考(kao)生(sheng)從(cong)眾多選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)項(xiang)里(li)甄別出(chu)兩個或更多的(de)(de)正(zheng)確選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)項(xiang)。通過這種題(ti)(ti)型設置，能(neng)夠較為(wei)全面(mian)且細致地覆蓋銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)考(kao)試(shi)大綱所涉(she)及的(de)(de)各類知(zhi)識(shi)點，從(cong)而(er)切實(shi)有(you)效地檢(jian)驗銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)考(kao)生(sheng)對銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)知(zhi)識(shi)的(de)(de)理解、記憶以(yi)及判斷(duan)等綜合(he)能(neng)力(li)。
二、銅陵考試內(nei)容(rong)詳細
1、銅陵醫學基礎：
正(zheng)常銅陵(ling)人(ren)體：深入銅陵(ling)人(ren)體的基礎結構，包括銅陵(ling)細(xi)胞、銅陵(ling)組織、銅陵(ling)器官的構成與(yu)功能，以及(ji)各銅陵(ling)生理系統之間的協同運作機制等基礎知識。
消(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)與(yu)吸收：細致(zhi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)食(shi)物在(zai)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)人體(ti)消(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)系統(tong)中(zhong)所經歷(li)的(de)復雜(za)消(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)過程，從銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)口腔(qiang)的(de)咀嚼、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)胃部(bu)的(de)研磨到(dao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)小(xiao)腸(chang)的(de)吸收等各(ge)個環節，以及銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)營養物質如(ru)何被(bei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)人體(ti)有效吸收并(bing)運輸(shu)到(dao)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)全身(shen)各(ge)處(chu)的(de)具體(ti)機制(zhi)。
體(ti)格測量(liang)及銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)實驗(yan)室指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)標的收集(ji)與判斷：熟練掌握運用專業工(gong)具準(zhun)確測量(liang)銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)人體(ti)各項體(ti)格指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)標的方(fang)法，如精(jing)確測量(liang)銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)身高、銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)體(ti)重、銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)腰圍(wei)、銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)臀圍(wei)等，并精(jing)通銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)常(chang)見銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)實驗(yan)室指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)標（如銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)血(xue)常(chang)規(gui)中的各項指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)標、銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)血(xue)生化中的銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)血(xue)糖、銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)血(xue)脂、銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)肝功能(neng)、銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)腎功能(neng)指(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)標等）的采集(ji)流程以及依據(ju)科(ke)學標準(zhun)對其正常(chang)范圍(wei)進行準(zhun)確判斷。
2、銅陵營養學基(ji)礎(chu)：
銅陵營養學(xue)(xue)概(gai)(gai)論：全面了解銅陵營養學(xue)(xue)這一(yi)學(xue)(xue)科(ke)的(de)(de)基本概(gai)(gai)念、發展(zhan)歷程中的(de)(de)關鍵節點以及其(qi)涵蓋的(de)(de)主要研究領域和(he)范疇。
各(ge)(ge)類銅(tong)(tong)陵營養素(su)(su)的功能(neng)(neng)及其來源：深入(ru)學習(xi)銅(tong)(tong)陵蛋白質、銅(tong)(tong)陵碳水化合物、銅(tong)(tong)陵脂肪(fang)、銅(tong)(tong)陵維生(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)、銅(tong)(tong)陵礦(kuang)物質等各(ge)(ge)類銅(tong)(tong)陵營養素(su)(su)在銅(tong)(tong)陵人(ren)體生(sheng)(sheng)長發育、銅(tong)(tong)陵新(xin)陳代謝、銅(tong)(tong)陵免疫調(diao)節等銅(tong)(tong)陵生(sheng)(sheng)理(li)過程(cheng)中所(suo)發揮的不可(ke)或缺的功能(neng)(neng)，以及它們在各(ge)(ge)類銅(tong)(tong)陵食物中的豐(feng)富來源，同(tong)時明晰銅(tong)(tong)陵營養素(su)(su)缺乏或過量攝入(ru)對銅(tong)(tong)陵人(ren)體健康(kang)造成的不良影(ying)響(xiang)。
各(ge)類銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)食(shi)物(wu)的營養含(han)(han)(han)金量：詳細(xi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)谷類、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)肉(rou)類、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)蔬(shu)菜(cai)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)水(shui)(shui)果、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)奶類、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)豆類等不同(tong)種類銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)食(shi)物(wu)所含(han)(han)(han)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)營養成分(fen)的獨特(te)特(te)點、含(han)(han)(han)量差異以(yi)及對(dui)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)人(ren)體健康的重(zhong)要營養含(han)(han)(han)金量，如銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)谷類富含(han)(han)(han)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)碳(tan)水(shui)(shui)化合物(wu)提供能(neng)量，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)肉(rou)類富含(han)(han)(han)優質(zhi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)蛋白質(zhi)有助于銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)身(shen)體修復等。
3、各類銅陵人群營(ying)養：
特(te)定(ding)銅(tong)(tong)陵生(sheng)理(li)階段銅(tong)(tong)陵人(ren)群(qun)的(de)銅(tong)(tong)陵營(ying)養需求：系(xi)統(tong)研究銅(tong)(tong)陵孕(yun)婦在孕(yun)期(qi)(qi)不(bu)同(tong)階段、銅(tong)(tong)陵乳(ru)(ru)母在哺乳(ru)(ru)期(qi)(qi)、銅(tong)(tong)陵嬰幼兒在成長(chang)發育(yu)的(de)不(bu)同(tong)時期(qi)(qi)、銅(tong)(tong)陵青少年(nian)在生(sheng)長(chang)發育(yu)高峰期(qi)(qi)以(yi)及銅(tong)(tong)陵老年(nian)人(ren)在銅(tong)(tong)陵身體機能衰退(tui)階段等銅(tong)(tong)陵特(te)殊(shu)(shu)人(ren)群(qun)各自獨特(te)的(de)銅(tong)(tong)陵營(ying)養需求特(te)點(dian)，包括對銅(tong)(tong)陵宏(hong)量營(ying)養素、銅(tong)(tong)陵微量營(ying)養素的(de)特(te)殊(shu)(shu)需求，以(yi)及與之對應(ying)的(de)合(he)理(li)銅(tong)(tong)陵膳食建議。
不(bu)(bu)同(tong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)人群的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)生理特點：細致探討不(bu)(bu)同(tong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)年(nian)齡層次（如(ru)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)兒童(tong)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)成年(nian)人、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)老年(nian)人）、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)性別差異(yi)以及(ji)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)職(zhi)業(ye)類型（如(ru)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)體力勞(lao)動(dong)者、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)腦(nao)力勞(lao)動(dong)者）銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)人群在銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)生理結(jie)構(gou)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)代謝水(shui)平、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)體能消耗等方面存在的(de)顯(xian)著差異(yi)對其銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)營養(yang)需求產生的(de)重要(yao)影(ying)響。
銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)運(yun)動處方(fang)和銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)膳(shan)食寶塔的應用：依(yi)據(ju)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)個體的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)運(yun)動目標（如銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)增肌、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)減脂、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)提(ti)高耐力等(deng)）、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)運(yun)動強度和頻率(lv)等(deng)因素制定科(ke)學合理的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)運(yun)動營(ying)養(yang)方(fang)案，同時熟練運(yun)用銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)膳(shan)食寶塔這一工具，根據(ju)不(bu)同銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)人群(qun)的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)營(ying)養(yang)需求指(zhi)導其日常銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)飲食的合理搭配，確保各類(lei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)營(ying)養(yang)素的均衡攝入。
4、銅陵食品(pin)營養評價：
銅(tong)陵營(ying)(ying)(ying)養含金量(liang)(liang)：運用專業知(zhi)識和科(ke)學方(fang)法對各類銅(tong)陵食品(pin)(pin)（包括銅(tong)陵天然(ran)食品(pin)(pin)、銅(tong)陵加工食品(pin)(pin)、銅(tong)陵保健食品(pin)(pin)等）的銅(tong)陵營(ying)(ying)(ying)養成分進行深入，綜合考量(liang)(liang)其(qi)所含銅(tong)陵營(ying)(ying)(ying)養素的種類、含量(liang)(liang)、比例以及銅(tong)陵生物利用率等因素，準(zhun)確判斷銅(tong)陵食品(pin)(pin)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養含金量(liang)(liang)的高(gao)低。
銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)資料(liao)的(de)(de)編(bian)輯：學會運用(yong)通俗易懂且(qie)準(zhun)確科(ke)學的(de)(de)語言整理和編(bian)輯各類(lei)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)相關資料(liao)，如撰寫富有吸(xi)引力和實(shi)用(yong)性的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)科(ke)普文章、精心設(she)計(ji)制作美觀大(da)方且(qie)內容(rong)詳實(shi)的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)宣傳手冊等，以便向(xiang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)公眾傳播(bo)正(zheng)確的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)知識。
銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)預包裝食品標(biao)(biao)簽與制作：透(tou)徹理解銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)預包裝食品標(biao)(biao)簽上銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營養成(cheng)分(fen)表、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)配料表、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)食用方(fang)法(fa)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)儲存條件等信息的含義(yi)和作用，能夠依(yi)據相關法(fa)律法(fa)規和標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)要求(qiu)準(zhun)確(que)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)食品標(biao)(biao)簽，同時掌握制作符合規范的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)食品標(biao)(biao)簽的技能，確(que)保銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)消費者能夠獲(huo)取準(zhun)確(que)的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)產品信息。
5、銅陵營養調查與評價(jia)：
銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)膳食調(diao)查(cha)(cha)：熟練掌握(wo)多(duo)種常見的(de)銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)膳食調(diao)查(cha)(cha)方法(fa)，如精準的(de)25小時(shi)銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)膳食回(hui)顧法(fa)、全(quan)面(mian)的(de)銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)食物頻率(lv)法(fa)以及適用(yong)于銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)群體調(diao)查(cha)(cha)的(de)銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)稱重法(fa)等，并能夠(gou)運用(yong)這些方法(fa)準確(que)收集銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)個體或銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)群體的(de)銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)膳食數據，對其銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)飲(yin)食攝入情況進(jin)行詳細記錄和整理。
銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)體(ti)格營養(yang)狀況(kuang)(kuang)評價：依(yi)據銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)人體(ti)體(ti)格測量數(shu)據（如銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)身(shen)高體(ti)重指數(shu)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)皮褶厚(hou)度(du)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)上臂圍等(deng)）以及(ji)國(guo)際(ji)或國(guo)內通用的相關標準，準確銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)個體(ti)的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營養(yang)狀況(kuang)(kuang)，判斷其(qi)是(shi)否處于銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)消瘦、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)正(zheng)常體(ti)重、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)超重、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)肥胖或銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營養(yang)不(bu)良等(deng)狀態，并其(qi)可(ke)能存在(zai)的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營養(yang)問題(ti)。
銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵實驗室(shi)指(zhi)標(biao)的評價：結合銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵血液、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵尿液等銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵實驗室(shi)檢(jian)(jian)查結果（如銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵血清(qing)蛋白水平、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵血紅蛋白含量(liang)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵維生素和銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵礦物質檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)值等），綜合考(kao)量(liang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵個(ge)體(ti)的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵飲(yin)食攝(she)入情況(kuang)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵體(ti)格測(ce)量(liang)數據以及銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵臨床(chuang)表現(xian)等多方面因素，準確判斷銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵個(ge)體(ti)的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵營(ying)養健康(kang)狀況(kuang)，及時發(fa)現(xian)潛在(zai)的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵營(ying)養缺乏或過量(liang)問題。
6、銅陵保健食品與銅陵食品安全：
銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)烹(peng)調(diao)(diao)加工(gong)(gong)：深入了(le)解(jie)銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)食(shi)品(pin)在銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)烹(peng)調(diao)(diao)加工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程中所(suo)發生的(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)理、化(hua)學和生物(wu)(wu)變化(hua)對銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)食(shi)物(wu)(wu)營養成分的(de)(de)影響，掌握科(ke)學合理的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)烹(peng)調(diao)(diao)方法(fa)以最大程度保(bao)留銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)食(shi)物(wu)(wu)營養，同時熟知(zhi)銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)烹(peng)調(diao)(diao)加工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程中的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)食(shi)品(pin)安(an)全注(zhu)意事項，如避免銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)交叉污染、控制(zhi)銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)油(you)溫火候等。
銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)保健(jian)(jian)食(shi)品(pin)的(de)知識：全面學習銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)保健(jian)(jian)食(shi)品(pin)的(de)定(ding)義、分類依據、功能(neng)聲(sheng)稱的(de)規范要求以(yi)及銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)消(xiao)費者(zhe)在選(xuan)購銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)保健(jian)(jian)食(shi)品(pin)時需要關注(zhu)的(de)關鍵事項，如銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)產品(pin)的(de)銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)功效成分、銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)適用(yong)人(ren)群、銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)食(shi)用(yong)方法和銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)注(zhu)意事項等(deng)，幫助銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)消(xiao)費者(zhe)正(zheng)確選(xuan)擇和使用(yong)銅(tong)(tong)陵(ling)保健(jian)(jian)食(shi)品(pin)。
銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)中(zhong)藥與(yu)銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營(ying)養(yang)的(de)關系：深(shen)入探討(tao)銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)中(zhong)藥在銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營(ying)養(yang)保(bao)健(jian)(jian)領(ling)域中(zhong)的(de)獨特作用和應用方式，了解銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)常見具有(you)銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營(ying)養(yang)保(bao)健(jian)(jian)功效(xiao)的(de)銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)中(zhong)藥種(zhong)類(lei)及其功效(xiao)特點，以及銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)中(zhong)藥與(yu)銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)食物(wu)搭配在銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)養(yang)生保(bao)健(jian)(jian)方面的(de)協同作用和注意事項(xiang)。
銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)食(shi)品衛生(sheng)要求及銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)食(shi)品污染的預防管理：嚴(yan)格掌握銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)食(shi)品生(sheng)產(chan)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)加(jia)工、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)儲存、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)運(yun)輸、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)銷售等各個環(huan)節必須遵(zun)循的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)衛生(sheng)標準和規范要求，熟悉銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)食(shi)品污染的各類(lei)來源(yuan)（如(ru)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)生(sheng)物性(xing)污染、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)化學性(xing)污染、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)物理性(xing)污染）及其(qi)危害，掌握有效的預防和控制(zhi)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)食(shi)品污染的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)管理措(cuo)施，確保銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)食(shi)品安全。
7、銅陵技能與銅陵實操：
銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)食(shi)(shi)譜(pu)的評價與編(bian)制：依據不同銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)人(ren)群(qun)（如銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)健康人(ren)群(qun)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)慢性疾病患(huan)者、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)運動員等）的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)營養需(xu)求(qiu)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)飲食(shi)(shi)偏好、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)經(jing)濟狀(zhuang)況以及銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)生活習慣等因素，運用銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)營養學原理和銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)烹(peng)飪知(zhi)識(shi)對現有銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)食(shi)(shi)譜(pu)進行(xing)全面合理性評價，發現其中存(cun)在的銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)營養不均衡、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)食(shi)(shi)物搭配不合理等問題(ti)，并能夠根據銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)個(ge)體情況編(bian)制科學合理、美(mei)味(wei)可口(kou)且易于操作的新銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)食(shi)(shi)譜(pu)。
銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)標(biao)準人(ren)食(shi)物(wu)和銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)養攝(she)(she)(she)入(ru)量的(de)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)：熟練掌握計(ji)(ji)算(suan)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)標(biao)準人(ren)食(shi)物(wu)攝(she)(she)(she)入(ru)量和銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)養素攝(she)(she)(she)入(ru)量的(de)方法(fa)，通過(guo)對銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)群(qun)(qun)(qun)體中銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)個體的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)食(shi)物(wu)消(xiao)費數據進(jin)行統計(ji)(ji)，計(ji)(ji)算(suan)出能夠(gou)代表該(gai)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)群(qun)(qun)(qun)體平(ping)均水平(ping)的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)標(biao)準人(ren)食(shi)物(wu)和銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)養攝(she)(she)(she)入(ru)量，以便銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)群(qun)(qun)(qun)體銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)膳食(shi)營(ying)(ying)養狀況，發(fa)現銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)群(qun)(qun)(qun)體銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)養問題(ti)并(bing)制定(ding)相應的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)干(gan)預措施。
銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營養缺(que)乏(fa)病(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)識別與處理：準確識別銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)常見銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營養缺(que)乏(fa)病(bing)(bing)（如銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)缺(que)鐵(tie)性(xing)貧血、銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)維生素A缺(que)乏(fa)癥(zheng)、銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)鈣缺(que)乏(fa)導致的(de)(de)銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)佝僂病(bing)(bing)等）的(de)(de)典型(xing)癥(zheng)狀和體征，如銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)面色(se)蒼白、銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)夜盲癥(zheng)、銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)骨(gu)骼畸(ji)形等，并掌握針對(dui)不同銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營養缺(que)乏(fa)病(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)有效處理方法(fa)，包括(kuo)銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)飲(yin)食(shi)調整、銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)營養補充劑的(de)(de)合理使用以及必要的(de)(de)銅(tong)陵(ling)(ling)醫學(xue)治療(liao)建議。
8、銅陵營養咨詢(xun)與(yu)銅陵教(jiao)育：
銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)社(she)(she)區營(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)管理：積極(ji)參與銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)社(she)(she)區銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)營(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)調查工作，運用科學方法收集銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)社(she)(she)區居民的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)營(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)健康信息，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)社(she)(she)區銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)人(ren)群(qun)的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)營(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)狀況和(he)存在的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)營(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)問題(ti)，制定針(zhen)對(dui)性的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)社(she)(she)區銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)營(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)干預計劃(hua)并組織實施，同時開展銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)社(she)(she)區銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)營(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)宣傳教育(yu)活動，提(ti)高銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)居民的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)營(ying)養(yang)(yang)(yang)意識和(he)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)健康素養(yang)(yang)(yang)。
銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)干(gan)預的(de)實施：針對銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)個體（如銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)肥(fei)胖者、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)糖尿病(bing)患者等）或銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)群體（如銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)學(xue)校銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)學(xue)生、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)企業(ye)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)員工等）存在(zai)的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)問題，制定并實施切實可行(xing)的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)干(gan)預措(cuo)施，如銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)個性化的(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)飲(yin)食計劃調整、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)教育課程(cheng)的(de)開展(zhan)、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)營(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)支持服(fu)務的(de)提供等，并通過(guo)定期跟蹤和銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)干(gan)預效果，及時(shi)調整銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)干(gan)預方(fang)案，確保銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)干(gan)預措(cuo)施的(de)有效性和可持續性。
安徽樂大(da)教育網(wang)報(bao)名學(xue)習中(zhong)心(xin)，始終秉(bing)承以(yi)學(xue)員為中(zhong)心(xin)的經營理念，經過多年的發展與沉淀(dian)，服務(wu)項目涵(han)蓋成人教育學(xue)歷相關的成人高考(kao)等多個方式，獲得了(le)廣(guang)大(da)學(xue)員及社會(hui)的高度認可。
